server-infra/IMPLEMENTATION.md

# Server Infrastructure — Implementation Guide

Ansible-based provisioning and deployment for homelab web servers.

## Architecture

```mermaid
flowchart TB
    subgraph provision ["Provisioning (manual / rare)"]
        Control1["ai-server-4080\n(control node)"]
        Control1 -->|ansible-playbook site.yml| Adama
        Control1 -->|ansible-playbook site.yml| Roslin
    end

    subgraph cicd ["CI/CD (every merge to master)"]
        Gitea["Gitea push"]
        Gitea --> Tests["Act: unit tests"]
        Tests --> Deploy["Act: deploy job"]
        Deploy --> AnsibleDeploy["ansible-playbook deploy-apps.yml"]
        AnsibleDeploy --> Adama2["adama"]
        AnsibleDeploy --> Roslin2["roslin"]
    end
```

| Pipeline | When | Playbook | Where it runs |
|----------|------|----------|---------------|
| **Provision** | New VM, OS change, firewall, Docker install | `site.yml` | ai-server-4080 — run manually |
| **Deploy** | Green unit tests on `master` | `deploy-apps.yml` | Gitea Act runner on ai-server-4080 |

Both pipelines share the same inventory (`inventory/hosts.yml`).

## Servers

| Name | IP | Role |
|------|-----|------|
| adama | 10.0.0.77 | Ubuntu Server VM (Proxmox) — app host |
| roslin | 10.0.0.176 | Ubuntu Server VM (Proxmox) — app host |
| ai-server-4080 | 10.0.0.128 | Control node + Gitea act runner (no app workloads) |

Hostname on this machine: `ryan-development-1`

## Repo Layout

```
server-infra/
├── IMPLEMENTATION.md       # This file
├── README.md               # Quick start
├── ansible.cfg
├── requirements.yml        # Ansible Galaxy collections
├── inventory/
│   ├── hosts.yml
│   ├── group_vars/
│   │   └── all.yml         # vars + app_catalog
│   └── host_vars/
│       ├── adama.yml       # host_apps (django + dta_webapp)
│       ├── roslin.yml      # host_apps (mirrors adama)
│       └── ai-server-4080.yml  # control node / act runner, no workloads
├── playbooks/
│   ├── site.yml            # Phase 1: provision
│   └── deploy-apps.yml     # Phase 2: CI deploy
├── roles/
│   ├── common/             # Base packages
│   ├── ufw/                # Firewall
│   ├── docker/             # Docker CE + compose plugin
│   ├── nodejs/             # Node.js + npm + npx (NodeSource)
│   ├── gitea-key/          # per-server SSH key + Gitea access probe
│   ├── tianji/             # Monitoring reporter
│   ├── app-deploy/         # django (docker) + node-static deploy
│   └── web-static/         # nginx container serving /var/www builds
└── scripts/
    ├── provision.sh        # Wrapper with --limit support
    └── deploy.sh           # Wrapper for deploy playbook
```

## Prerequisites (One-Time Bootstrap)

Ansible needs SSH + sudo on each target before playbooks work.

1. Create `westfarn` on each VM with sudo membership.
2. Copy your SSH public key from the control node (ai-server-4080):
   ```bash
   ssh-copy-id westfarn@10.0.0.77
   ssh-copy-id westfarn@10.0.0.176
   ```
3. Confirm passwordless SSH:
   ```bash
   ssh westfarn@10.0.0.77
   ssh westfarn@10.0.0.176
   ```
4. **First-time only** — grant passwordless sudo on each new host before the first
   `provision.sh` run. Ubuntu 26.04 ships `sudo-rs` by default; Ansible's
   `--ask-become-pass` does not recognize its password prompt, so bootstrap sudo
   manually over SSH instead:
   ```bash
   ssh -t westfarn@10.0.0.176   # repeat for each host IP
   ```
   On the host:
   ```bash
   echo 'westfarn ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/westfarn
   sudo chmod 440 /etc/sudoers.d/westfarn
   exit
   ```
   The `common` role writes the same file on later runs; this one-time step is only
   needed before Ansible can escalate privileges the first time.
5. On ai-server-4080 (control node), install Ansible:
   ```bash
   sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y ansible
   # or: pip install ansible
   ```
6. Install Galaxy collections:
   ```bash
   cd ~/Documents/repos/server-infra
   ansible-galaxy collection install -r requirements.yml
   ```
7. Update `inventory/host_vars/ai-server-4080.yml` with this machine's LAN IP (`ansible_host`).

## Testing on a Single Server

Use `--limit` to target one host without touching the others. Helper scripts wrap this.

### Ping one host

```bash
./scripts/provision.sh adama --check   # dry run
ansible adama -m ping
```

### Provision one host

New hosts need the one-time passwordless sudo bootstrap in
[Prerequisites](#prerequisites-one-time-bootstrap) before the first run.

```bash
# Dry run (no changes)
./scripts/provision.sh adama --check

# Apply for real
./scripts/provision.sh adama

# Same for other hosts
./scripts/provision.sh roslin
./scripts/provision.sh ai-server-4080
```

### Provision all hosts

```bash
./scripts/provision.sh
```

### Deploy to one host (Phase 2)

```bash
./scripts/deploy.sh adama
./scripts/deploy.sh --check roslin
```

Under the hood, scripts pass `--limit <hostname>` to `ansible-playbook`.

## Phase 1: Provision (`site.yml`)

Applies roles in order to the `webservers` group:

| Role | Purpose |
|------|---------|
| `common` | apt update, git, python3, pip, curl, ca-certificates |
| `ufw` | Firewall: SSH from LAN only, HTTP/HTTPS public |
| `docker` | Docker CE, compose plugin, add `westfarn` to `docker` group |
| `nodejs` | Node.js + npm + npx (NodeSource) for `dta_webapp` builds |
| `gitea-key` | Per-server SSH key + Gitea access probe |
| `tianji` | Monitoring reporter |

### UFW rules

| Port | Source | Purpose |
|------|--------|---------|
| 22 | `10.0.0.0/24` | SSH (LAN only) |
| 80 | anywhere | HTTP |
| 443 | anywhere | HTTPS |
| default | deny incoming | Block everything else |

**Warning:** Test UFW on one host first (`./scripts/provision.sh adama`). Keep a Proxmox console session open in case SSH rules lock you out.

After Docker install, re-SSH so the `docker` group membership takes effect.

## Phase 2: CI Deploy (`deploy-apps.yml`)

### Apps

| App | Type | Hosts | Notes |
|-----|------|-------|-------|
| `company_site` | django (docker) | adama + roslin | active/active behind NPM |
| `dta_service` | django (docker) | adama + roslin + ai-server-4080 | active/active behind NPM |
| `dta_webapp` | node/vite static | adama + roslin | active/active; built to `/var/www/<env>_dta_webapp`, served by web-static nginx |

Both environments (`beta`, `prod`) are deployed. Django apps use a **shared external
Postgres** (via `DATABASE_URL` in each host's env file) so active/active replicas
share one database.

### Data model

- `app_catalog` (`group_vars/all.yml`) — how each app is built (repo, type, compose file, migrate cmd).
- `host_apps` (`host_vars/<host>.yml`) — which app+env+port runs on that host.
- Django app = one compose project per env: project name `<app>_<env>`, host port from `host_apps`.
  Ports match across adama/roslin so NPM can balance `adama:PORT` + `roslin:PORT`.

### Ports

| App | beta | prod |
|-----|------|------|
| company_site | 8010 | 8000 |
| dta_service | 8011 | 8001 |
| dta_webapp (nginx) | 8081 | 8080 |

### Flow

1. Gitea push to `master` → repo's `.gitea/workflows` runs tests.
2. On green, deploy job on the self-hosted runner calls:
   ```bash
   ~/Documents/repos/server-infra/scripts/deploy.sh \
     --app company_site --env prod --ref "${{ gitea.sha }}"
   ```
3. `deploy-apps.yml` runs against `webservers`; each host deploys only the
   matching app+env from its `host_apps`.

### `app-deploy` role behavior

- **django**: push per-app secret from control node `{{ secrets_dir }}/<app>/<app>_<env>.env`
  to host `{{ apps_env_dir }}` → git checkout at ref → copy `.env` into checkout →
  `docker compose build` → `up -d` → migrate (run once, shared DB).
- **node-static**: git checkout at ref → `npm ci` → `npm run build:<env>`
  (writes to `/var/www/<env>_dta_webapp`).
- **web-static** role: one nginx container per app host (adama + roslin) serving
  the static roots on their ports; NPM balances across both.

### Reverse proxy / load balancing (NPM at 10.0.0.230)

Ansible does **not** manage NPM. It only guarantees stable host ports. In NPM you
point each domain at the backend(s):

- Single host: standard Proxy Host → `adama:PORT`.
- Active/active: jc21 NPM's UI Proxy Host is single-target. To balance
  adama+roslin you need the **Advanced** tab with a custom `upstream {}` block
  (or a real LB). Confirm this before relying on active/active.

### Required changes IN each app repo (owned separately)

- [ ] `docker-compose.prod.yml`: drop the bundled `db` service; `web` reads
      `DATABASE_URL` / `DB_HOST` pointing at the shared external Postgres.
- [ ] Each app has its own database + user on the shared Postgres.
- [ ] `.gitea/workflows/deploy.yml`: replace the local `scripts/deploy.sh` step
      with a call to `server-infra/scripts/deploy.sh --app <name> --env <env> --ref <sha>`
      (keep the test/docker jobs).
- [ ] `dta_webapp`: `npm run build:beta` / `build:prod` output to
      `/var/www/beta_dta_webapp` / `/var/www/prod_dta_webapp`.

### Shared Postgres (10.0.0.230, same box as NPM)

One shared instance; each app+env gets its own database (beta and prod MUST NOT
share a DB — active/active replicas of the same env share one DB, different envs
do not).

| app | env | database | DATABASE_URL |
|-----|-----|----------|--------------|
| company_site | prod | `company_site` | `postgres://westfarn:<pw>@10.0.0.230:5432/company_site` |
| company_site | beta | `company_site_beta` | `postgres://westfarn:<pw>@10.0.0.230:5432/company_site_beta` |
| dta_service | prod | `dta_service` | `postgres://westfarn:<pw>@10.0.0.230:5432/dta_service` |
| dta_service | beta | `dta_service_beta` | `postgres://westfarn:<pw>@10.0.0.230:5432/dta_service_beta` |

Server prereqs on 10.0.0.230: create the 4 DBs + grant `westfarn`;
`listen_addresses` covers LAN; `pg_hba.conf` allows `10.0.0.0/24`; firewall opens
5432 to `10.0.0.0/24` only.

### One-time host bootstrap (per target)

- [x] Gitea SSH key: the `gitea-key` role (in `site.yml`) generates a key per
      server, configures SSH for port 30009, probes access, and — if the server
      can't reach Gitea yet — prints the public key to add and stops. Add the key
      (Gitea user SSH keys, or repo Deploy Keys) and re-run provisioning.
- [ ] Create control-node secrets `{{ secrets_dir }}/<app>/<app>_<env>.env`
      (default `~/Documents/secrets/<app>/<app>_<env>.env`) with `DATABASE_URL`
      (see table), `DJANGO_ENV`, `DJANGO_SECRET_KEY`, `WEB_PORT` (matching the port
      table). Deploy pushes these to `/opt/apps/env/<app>_<env>.env` (mode 600) on
      adama + roslin. Never committed to git.
- [x] Node.js/npm/npx for the `dta_webapp` build — installed by the `nodejs`
      role in `site.yml` (NodeSource, `node_major` default 20).

## Gitea Act Runner

**Recommended:** Single self-hosted runner on ai-server-4080.

- One orchestration point.
- App hosts (adama/roslin) run the workloads; no runner needed on them for deploy fan-out.
- Runner needs: Ansible, this repo checked out, SSH key to all hosts, vault password (later).

### Runner requirements on ai-server-4080

| Requirement | Why |
|-------------|-----|
| Ansible | Run `deploy-apps.yml` |
| `server-infra` checkout | Playbooks + inventory |
| SSH key to adama + roslin | Deploy fan-out |

On every push or merged PR to `master`, `.gitea/workflows/sync-checkout.yml`
fast-forward pulls this repo at `~/Documents/repos/server-infra` on the Act
runner so playbooks and inventory stay current without a manual `git pull`.

## SSH Keys for CI Deploy

| Key | Used by | Purpose |
|-----|---------|---------|
| Personal key | You | Manual provisioning |
| Deploy key (runner) | Act → Ansible → hosts | Automated deploy |

Consider a dedicated `deploy` user with limited sudo (docker only) — future hardening step.

## Secrets (Phase 2)

Use Ansible Vault for production secrets. Do not commit plaintext.

```bash
ansible-vault create inventory/group_vars/webservers/vault.yml
ansible-playbook playbooks/site.yml --ask-vault-pass
```

Store vault password for CI in a file readable only by the Act runner (e.g. `~/.ansible-vault-pass`, mode 600).

## Implementation Order

| # | Task | Status |
|---|------|--------|
| 1 | Create `server-infra` repo | Done |
| 2 | Inventory with all 3 hosts | Done |
| 3 | Bootstrap SSH to adama + roslin | Manual |
| 4 | `site.yml` → common, ufw, docker | Done |
| 5 | Verify `ansible webservers -m ping` | Manual |
| 6 | Test on single server: `./scripts/provision.sh adama` | Manual |
| 7 | Provision all: `./scripts/provision.sh` | Manual |
| 8 | Deploy SSH key for Act runner | Future |
| 8a | Auto-sync runner checkout on `master` (`.gitea/workflows/sync-checkout.yml`) | Done |
| 9 | Stub `deploy-apps.yml` + update `company_site` workflow | Future |
| 10 | Dockerize `company_site` | Future (separate ticket) |
| 11 | Gitea container registry (optional) | Future |

## Open Decisions

1. **Deploy user** — `westfarn` vs dedicated `deploy` for CI.
2. **NPM load balancing** — confirm jc21 NPM can express adama+roslin upstreams (Advanced tab), else active/active is just two independent instances.
3. **Secrets** — Ansible Vault vs per-host env files (currently per-host `/opt/apps/env/*.env`).

## Adding a New VM

1. Add host to `inventory/hosts.yml` under `webservers`.
2. Bootstrap SSH: `ssh-copy-id westfarn@<new-ip>`.
3. Test: `./scripts/provision.sh <hostname> --check`.
4. Provision: `./scripts/provision.sh <hostname>`.
5. Deploys automatically include new host once in `webservers` group.